 GOVERNING BY LOOKING BACK:
How history matters in society, politics and government
First Annual Interdisciplinary Social Sciences Conference
Hosted by the Research School of Social Sciences
Canberra, 12-14 December 2007
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Much of the rhetoric in politics and government is about shaping the future. Yet their
day-to-day realities are pervaded by coping with the past. The past impinges on
political life in many respects. Many political regimes are founded on historical
compromises between rival social forces. Others are built on histories of conflict,
conquest and oppression which have a way of resurfacing in the present in the form of
unresolved traumas and `forgotten pasts’. More generally, political agendas are often
preoccupied with long-standing social problems rather than by novel ones. Incumbent
office-holders are constrained by the commitments entered into by their predecessors.
Much of their energy goes to dealing with the unintended outcomes and public
controversies generated by past government policies. This is reinforced by the way in
which ever-expanding accountability mechanisms surrounding public power critically
scrutinize past performance. At the same time, some public institutions struggle to
retain their collective memory as frequent reorganizations have become the norm,
‘changing the culture’ is axiomatic, entire cohorts of veterans retire in droves,
managers’ tenures shorten, and general staff turnover soars.
Governing proceeds by 'looking back' as much as by 'looking forward'. The
importance of the former is often underappreciated. In the early postwar decades the
policy sciences focused on planning, scenarios and strategies. As the limits of this
approach to governance have become clearer, the past has made a comeback.
Scholarly attention has now shifted to governing by looking back. There has been an
explosion of studies on collective memory, public accountability, policy evaluation
and social learning.
This conference organized by the Research School of Social Sciences of the
Australian National University taps into that trend. It draws on the new Thematic
structure around which the School itself is organized. It brings together scholars from
across the social sciences who study how societies and organizations remember,
forget, frame and cope with the past in their efforts to govern themselves. Its aim is to
foster academic and policy dialogue about how to assess and improve institutional
capacities for remembering and learning from the past, in and beyond Australia.
Conference convenors
Tim Rowse
History Program
Research School of Social Sciences
Tim.Rowse@anu.edu.au
Paul ‘t Hart
Political Science Program
Research School of Social Sciences
hart@coombs.anu.edu.au
Conference administrator
Mary Hapel
Director's Section
Research School of Social Sciences
Mary.Hapel@anu.edu.au
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